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Dwarf Planet—Objects orbiting the Sun that are big and heavy
enough to resemble a planet, but not quite big enough to have
their own clear orbit around the sun. Example: Pluto
Galaxy—A grouping of billions of stars held together by
gravity. Overall shapes of galaxies include spiral, elliptical, and
irregular.
Gas Planet—Planets made of mostly gas and lacking a clearly
defined surface. The gas planets are sometimes called the Jovian,
or giant, planets. The gas planets in our solar system include
Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus.
Inner Planet—The first four planets orbiting the Sun before the
asteroid belt. The inner planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth,
and Mars.
Moon—A natural satellite orbiting a planet.
Orbit—The path followed by planets and other space objects
as they revolve around objects that have a larger gravity, like
the Sun.
Outer Planet—Any of the planets that orbit the Sun outside
the asteroid belt. Outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune, and Pluto (dwarf planet).
Rocky Planet—Any of the planets that has a solid surface.
Rocky planets are also called terrestrial planets. The rocky
planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
Star—Giant burning balls of hydrogen and helium gas that give
off both light and heat. Red and orange stars are cooler than
hotter white or blue colored (coloured) stars. The Sun, although
large to everyone on Earth, is considered to be an average star
in size (about 1,392,000 km or 864,000 miles across). Many dwarf
stars are smaller than the Sun. Larger stars can be 100, 300, and
even 1,000 times larger than the Sun. Polaris (the North Star) is
about 46 times bigger than the Sun. Sirius (the brightest star in
the northern hemisphere) is actually two stars (Sirius A and B)